〈おもな対策例〉
・いじめ対策セミナーの実施
小学校を巡回し、ビデオ・討論などを通して生徒にいじめの問題を考えさせ、意識改革を図るセミナー。（かつていじめの被害者だった大人が講師を勤めている）いじめられた場合を想定してロールプレイを実施。
・矯正プログラムの実施
怒りを非暴力に表現するためのスキルライフを教える。
・沈黙する傍観者を行動する傍観者に変えるプログラム
いじめは傍観者が意外とカギを握る。傍観者が仲介者になりうる。そのため、ロールプレイによって、被害者を助ける方法、大人の助けを呼ぶ方法、被害者との信頼関係を作る方法、被害者の気持ちを理解する共感能力を身につける。
・生徒同士でいじめを解決させる、仲間調停法を身につけるプログラムの導入
学校でトラブルが起こったとき、生徒から調停員を選び話し合いで解決するよう促す。
いじめが起こってからでは遅いという発想の元のこういったプログラムを学校で導入し実践しているようだ。
その効果が次のグラフ〈図3〉だ。
このグラフによると対策を実施してから年々数値が下がっている。予防に徹するということの重要性がある。
一方でデメリットもある。いじめの予防に徹することで言いたいことが言えるような友人関係が築けないという点やストレスがたまりやすいとも言われている。
確かに、自分の言った言葉で人を傷つけないようにすることは大切なことであるが、思いすぎて言いたいことが言えずに本当の友人関係が築けないのなら本末転倒である。素直に自分の気持ちを相手に伝える重要性もつたえなくてはならない。
日本人はいじめの対策として諸外国の考え方をなかなか知ろうとしない。ましてや、取り入れようとしない。しかし、アメリカは諸外国の考えを知ろうとしている。
自国の考えに固執せず他の国の考えを知ることは必要である。
日本の現状同様にポイントを絞って見ていきたい。
1. 発生場所 → 校庭が多い
2. いじめる子供 → 異年齢の子どもが圧倒的
3. 態様 → 暴力的ないじめが多い
〈アメリカのいじめと日本のいじめの共通点〉
1. 無視や仲間外れは、どの国にもみられる。
2. 男子には、身体的な被害を与えることが多く。女子には人間的に絡んだ精神的ないじめが多い
3. いじめられた子どもは、いじめられたことを話そうとしない。また、助けを求めようとしない傾向 が、見られる。
In our investigation, it turned out the United States "is putting power into prevention" to bullying.
After bullying happens, it is a U.S. style not the Japanese style that puts a lot of energy into verifying why it happened or being cared for a victim's child heart but to examine how bullying is kept from happening.
〈The main examples of a measure〉
・Enforcement of a bullying measure seminar
The seminar which patrols an elementary school, makes a student consider the problem of bullying through video, discussion, etc, and aims at consciousness reform.
(The adult who was a victim of bullying once is working the lecturer) A role play is carried out supposing the case where it is teased.
・ Implementation of a reform program
The skill life for expressing anger nonviolently is taught.
・Program bullying which changes the onlooker who becomes silent into the onlooker who acts grasps a key as an onlooker is unexpected.
An onlooker can turn into an intermediary.
Therefore, the method of helping a victim, the method of calling out for grown-up help, the method of making a confidential relation with a victim, and the capacity for sympathy that understands a victim's feeling are put on by a role play.
・Introduction of the program which puts on friend arbitration law which bullying is made to solve by students.
When a trouble arises in school, he is urged to choose a mediation member from a student and to solve by talks.
It seems that such programs are then introduced and practiced under the way of thinking that it is late in school after bullying happens.
The effect is the following graph <Fig. 3>.
Since it is coped with according to this graph, the numerical value has fallen every year.
There is importance of saying.
On the other hand, there is also a demerit.
It is said that the point and stress that the relationships with friends which can say something to say by devoting in prevention of bullying cannot be built build easily.
Although it is important to make it surely not wound people in the language which he said, if true relationships with friends cannot be built without the ability to say that consider too much and there is something to say, it is putting the cart before the horse.
You also have to tell the importance obediently told against its feeling.
Japanese people do not try to know the view of foreign countries easily as a measure against bullying.
Furthermore, it is not going to take in.
However, the United States is trying to get to know the idea of foreign countries.
It is required not to persist in the idea of its own country, but to get to know the idea of other countries.
I would like to extract and see the point like the present condition of Japan.
1. Generating Place → There are Many Schoolyards.
2. Child Who Teases →Child of Different Age is Overwhelming.
3. Mode → There is Much Violent Bullying.
<The common feature of U.S. bullying and bullying of Japan>
1. Disregard and alienation are seen by every country.
2. Inflict physical damage on a boy in many cases.
A woman has much mental bullying involved as a reasonable creature.
3. The child on whom it was hard does not try to say that it was teased.
Moreover, the tendency not to ask for help is seen.
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